June-July 2009 (9)

The influence of the theology of John Calvin upon the church since the Reformation has elevated his work to an authoritative status among theologians that is second to none. However, when one comes to inquire about eschatological questions in Calvin's Institutes, the surprise is to find only one brief chapter devoted to the final resurrection and general eschatology.
That is not to say that Calvin was not concerned about the doctrine of last things, for in Calvin's presentation we do not find eschatology completely summed up at one point. Instead this point of doctrine is developed through his expounding on the creed and his exegesis of Scripture, which becomes a progressive witness to the Christ who finishes His saving work and whose actions form, in the last resort, one unique event.
The Broad Influence
of John Calvin
The name of John Calvin is justly famous, but it is also infamous to those who reject biblical Christianity. Indeed John Calvin is today seen in the academic establishment far more often as the problem rather than as part of the solution, as he is often blamed for everything this establishment sees as "bad" in our society. What the secular establishment sees as "bad," of course, are things that are good, such as restraints upon sexual sins, honesty in monetary affairs, and a church that lives out of the Bible.
For millions of true Christians, however, Calvin is a great hero, A great teacher of biblical principles, and the father of a Christian society of decency and order. Calvin was, of course, interested in far more than what we think of narrowly as "theology." Calvin sought to apply all of the Bible to all of life, a principle that has stood the test of time and is alive and well in those churches that still hold to Reformed principles. Calvin worked hard to apply the principle of the overwhelming greatness of God as the Creator and therefore Center of the universe not only in religious exercise, but also in his own personal life (and in that of other Christians), and in the conduct of civil affairs.
"Oh, how I love Your word, O Lord! It is my meditation all the day."
Would this cry be found on the lips of the great reformer John Calvin? Absolutely! What about on your own lips? If you heard a cry like this one, especially outside of the church, how would your heart respond: with a hearty "Amen," with cold indifference, or with scorn? How important is God's Word to you? What value do you place upon it? How different would your life be if you had no access to a Bible? All of these questions have in common a matter of critical importance, namely, that your view of the Bible will greatly affect your life. Ideas do have consequences.
The Influence of Calvin on Switzerland and Germany
John Calvin powerfully influenced all the countries that received the Reformed faith. Switzerland is the center of Europe geographically. From her Alps radiate in all directions, north, south, east and west, the rivers of Europe beautifying and fertilizing that continent. So from Switzerland the Reformed doctrines of Calvin, like life-giving waters spread in all directions over Europe. They were carried east to Hungary, Bohemia and Poland; south, though but for a brief season, to Italy, west to France and north to Germany and Holland, even leaping the seas to England and Scotland.
Calvin's Prefatory Address to Francis I in
The Institutes of the Christian Religion
For centuries John Calvin's book The Institutes of the Christian Religion has been known as the best defense of the Reformation and the best exposition of its principles. Calvin scholar John T. McNeill called the Institutes a masterpiece, which "holds a place in the short list of books that have notably affected the course of history, molding the beliefs and behavior of generations of mankind." The value of studying the prefatory address is that it contains a masterful summary of some of the main principles of the Reformation discussed in Calvin's Institutes.
Luther and Calvin Compared
Martin Luther (1483-1546) and John Calvin (1509-1564) were mighty sinners. They both admitted this often. They also rejoiced that they were saved by a mighty God, with almighty, sovereign grace. They owed their entire existence, and eternal joy, to God and God alone. This God chose to use such vessels as tools in His hand to turn the world upside down during their lifetime, and indeed for all the centuries of history since. The legacy of the Protestant Reformation is a part of God's story in bringing His elect to salvation in this life so that they might serve Him in this world, and join Him in glory in the world to come.
While God used both Luther and Calvin in mighty ways, He did not use them in the same way. The purpose of this article is to explore how God used each man, and especially what was unique about the way God used John Calvin. Protestants of all stripes have long recognized that Martin Luther brought a moderate reform to the Christian Church, while John Calvin brought a more thorough reform. Luther kept more of the medieval customs and worship liturgy, while Calvin and the Calvinists made a clearer break with the previous centuries of Church practice, bringing back the early church practices of a simple worship, unadorned by images and rituals. A simple glance at the sanctuary of a typical Lutheran Church compared to a Reformed/Presbyterian Church illustrates this fact.
The Calvin 500 is not a NASCAR event. But it has brought a new harvest of books by and about Calvin. Though the Calvin lover relishes this feast, others may feel lost. After you blow out the five hundred candles, where should you begin? What are some of Calvin's key writings and what are the best books to read about him? Here is a brief guide for getting started.
Calvin was an extremely prolific writer. His Latin writings fill 59 large volumes in the collection Corpus Reformatorum. Many of these have been translated into English and some have gone through numerous editions. But the Institutes and his commentaries are only a portion of Calvin's work. He penned hundreds of sermons, letters, and treatises.
To keep from being overwhelmed, one might begin by reading Calvin in small doses. 365 Days with Calvin, edited by Joel R. Beeke (2008), provides selected readings from his sermons and commentaries. Calvin's Wisdom: An Anthology Arranged Alphabetically (1992), provides us with select quotations. Devotional books tap into the marrow of Calvin's spirituality such as Heart Aflame: Daily Readings from Calvin on the Psalms (1999), or Thine Is My Heart (2006). An older volume by Dillenberger, John Calvin: Selections from His Writings (1971) provides a nice anthology.
A Heart Sacrificed A Brief Sketch of the Life of John Calvin (1509-1564)
Calvin, the last and the most profound of the great Reformers, was born July 10, 1509, at Noyon in Picardy, northern France. His father served there as an ecclesiastical attorney and manager. His mother, a pious woman, died when he was still a child.
When only twelve, his father obtained for the young Jean Cauvin an endowment from the Roman Catholic church for study. He entered the Col-lege de la Marche in Paris. One of his teachers, the famous Latinist Mathurin Cor-dier, would be the one to whom Calvin would dedicate his com-mentary on 1 Thessalonians (1550). The following year he went to the College de Montaigu, where he was taught Romanist theology from the anti--Lutheran Beda.
But a change in his father's wishes led him to switch to the study of law in 1528 at the Universities of Orleans and Bourges. It was here that he met the German scholar Melchior Wol-mar, whose tutelege in Greek would be foundational to Calvin's study of the New Testament. In 1531, after his father died, Calvin returned to Paris where he pur-sued humanist studies and published in 1532 his first work on Seneca's De Clementia.
In this special issue of the Reformed Herald, we are celebrating the 500th anniversary of the birth of John Calvin (July 10, 1509). As Reformed people we are accustomed to calling ourselves "Calvinists." This is a term hated and mischaracterized by many who are given to the notion that we follow the teachings of a man. Nothing is farther from the truth, and nothing was more repugnant to Calvin. Calvin simply expounded and systematized the teachings of the Bible for our benefit.
But, just what do we mean by saying we are Calvinists? What are the contributions of Calvin that we are indebted to? Because of the broad range of teachings that Calvin left us, it is conceivable that we could have a whole list of contributions that we might say define "Calvinism." Some of these would be the sovereignty of God, Christology, salvation by grace, works by grace, preaching, church government, worship, the sacraments, the covenant, and God's rule over all of life. For many, the word "Calvinism" immediately conjures up words like "predestination" or "election." Some, through embarrassment, have abandoned these teachings altogether. While Calvin saw that the Bible taught these doctrines, they were only a part of a much bigger picture.
For me, "Calvinism" is all of the above, but what strikes me as most helpful and as the greatest contribution of his teachings is the very first sentence of Calvin's Institutes. That simple yet profound sentence set the stage for the rest of the Institutes. It reads, "Nearly all the wisdom we possess, that is to say, true and sound wisdom, consists of two parts: the knowledge of God and of ourselves." In the end, all of the teachings of Calvin and of the Reformed creeds flow out of that fundamental statement in one way or another.
Issues
Authors
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Paul H. Treick
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Administrator
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Maynard Koerner
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Jon Blair
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Tracy Gruggett
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Lloyd Gross
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Lee Johnson
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Wesley Brice
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Hank Bowen
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Scott Henry
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Eric Kayayan
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Vernon Pollema
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Robert Grossmann
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Dr. Louis Praamsma
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Eric Bristley
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Kyle Sorensen
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David Fagrey
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James I. Good
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Michael Voytek
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Frank Walker
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Jim West
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Jerry DeYoung
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Sam Powell
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George Syms
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Jonathan Merica
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Matthew Powell
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Thomas Mayville
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Gil Baloy
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Jay Nelken
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L. Dale Clark
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